RESIGN, IF YOU CANNOT RUN THE CHAMBER - Nta Bassey Duke (Former Advocate General, Advocacy Chambers)

RESIGN, IF YOU CANNOT RUN THE CHAMBERS - Nta Bassey Duke

15/11/2016

By Aluzu Ebikebuna Augustine

The former Advocate General of Advocacy International Chambers Barr. Nta Bassey Duke has made his position known on the controversy rocking the Chambers in recent times.

Speaking exclusively to REVOLUTIONARY YOUTHS, Nta cautioned that it will be wiser to float another Chambers in lieu of changing the name of Advocacy Chambers. He insisted that Advocacy Chambers is a household name within the Faculty and was floated in line with the dreams of the founding fathers.

He said "I am very much displeased about the news of some members and ex-officio of the Chambers attempting to alter the name of the Chambers

"Need I remind them that Advocacy international Chambers is a household name in the Faculty of Law university of Uyo



"This is a Chambers that has produced best graduating students and plethora of LAWSAN Presidents. It has also produced lecturers in the Faculty in person of Dr. Etefia Ekanem, Barr. Mary Udofia, Barr. Ekokoi Solomon, Mrs Mfon Jonah. I wonder if these persons have been consulted before this making this suicidal move.

When asked what he think might have led to the sudden decision of the current Executives to alter the legal character of the chambers, Nta said

"Greed is the only logical explanation for this

"Advocacy international chamber is a chamber that is run like a church. We do not only depend on God to provide source, we also source for funds

"When I was the AG of the chamber, I sourced for funds to host dinner, my predecessors all hosted dinners and they sourced for fund without selling the Chambers

"Any AG who is not capable of running the chamber should resign and save us the embarrassment of altering the name of the chamber. He added.

Also commenting on the issue is Barr. Gregory Daniel, who REVOLUTIONARY YOUTHS contacted on phone. Barr. Greg, a one time member of the Chambers Said he was not aware of the move and he is not in any way in support of the plan to alter the character of the Chambers.

ADVOCACY CHAMBER, NOT FOR SALE!

BUSTED: ADVOCACY CHAMBERS, FACULTY OF LAW, UNIVERSITY OF UYO, NOT FOR SALE

It has come to the notice of some concerned persons in the Faculty of Law, University of Uyo that effort is in top gear to sell Advocacy Chambers Int'l to a politician in the state. The development as reported is not unconnected to the upcoming LAWSAN Presidential Election. The auctioning of the Chamber is said to be used as a consideration for the success of two aspirants who incidentally are also members of the Chambers and at the time of fielding this report, the two aspirants are hell bent on dispensing with the Chambers in order to have the means to campaign and be elected the LAWSAN President. One will ask, "is that not a sure evidence of ineptitude on the part of the aspirants? How are we sure LAWSAN too will not be sold?"

What baffles sensible LAWSANites is the apparent lack of their knowledge of the procedural law of LAWSAN. Heck, need I remind the Chambers' auctioneers that in LAWSAN, things must adhere to procedural laws? Do I need to inform them for the umpteenth time that it is so very impossible to sale, lease, mortgage or change the character of any Chamber without recourse to the LAWSAN constitution?

This is not the first time in the history of LAWSAN that some external Oligarchs attempted to thwart our constitution in a bid to further their selfish reasons. In 2013, the LAWSAN House of Representative had rejected the creation of a new Chamber which was to be tagged "Godswill Akpabio Chambers" because it did not follow the laid down procedure of law, and as such, the efforts of the proponent of that idea became null and void and of no effect whatsoever. A perpetual injunction had also been obtained against the act and it is still running and it will run in perpetuity except the law vacates it.

Section 54 of the LAWSAN Constitution expressly laid down the procedure through which the alteration of any Chambers can be done. It provides thus:

(1) There shall be for LAWSAN the following Chambers;
(a) Ime Umanah Chambers
(b) Magna Juris Confraternity
(c) Advocacy International Chambers
(d) Udo Udoma Chambers

(2) The number of Chambers RECOGNIZED by this Constitution may be by law enacted by the LAWSAN House of Assembly be increased or decreased.

The above statutory provisions goes to consolidate the fact that, No Chambers existing in the Faculty of Law can change its character without first. setting the necessary machinery of the LAWSAN House of Assembly in motion, and which incidentally will also lead to the amendment of the LAWSAN Constitution.

I expected that the proponent of Advocacy Chambers auctioning should have had recourse to the LAWSAN constitution before they embark on this effortless, futile and rub-a-dub styled wanton suicidal processes of undermining the supremacy of the LAWSAN constitution. I am not sure that Emaediong Akpan, the then indefatigable Advocate General of Advocacy International who administered the Chambers in her days with creative ideas is aware of this development. I am skeptical of how the past Advocate General would feel should the information of the Chambers auctioning is put to them. If they are aware and still feign ignorance in order to play the devil's advocate, too bad.
It is noteworthy that Advocacy Chambers had survived over the years without any encumbrances and has produced prominent LAWSAN Presidents and Lecturers, among whom were, Dr. Etefia Ekanem and Comrade Edidiong Peter. The question is "Why the sudden auctioning?"

It is instructive for all LAWSANites to note that, it is not wrong to change a Chambers name, but such a chamber must undergo the legal process of doing so. On this note, I advise the current Advocate General, who is also the the President of LAWSAN Bar Association,that if at all, the alleged intention to change the Chambers name is true, he should behave as a Senior Advocate of LAWSAN, approach the House of Assembly, set the legislative machinery in motion for the amendment of the LAWSAN constitution as enshrined in section 1-7, if it sails through, then, the House is bound to amend the appropriate Section in order to insert the new name for the purpose of recognition as enshrined by Section 54.

However, anything short of what the Constitution says shall be resisted within the bounds of the law.

Paapa Akpan.
Const. IV.
Legal Consultant

Students' Protest: The Need for School Management to Adopt Effective Communication

"n a 21st century with all the technological advancement, it is worrisome that our universities are not taking advantage in establishing easy, fast and effective communication links between students and the authorities."

28/9/2016

Aluzu Ebikebuba Augustine

On the 26th day of September 2016, the management of Ekiti State University College of Medicine reportedly ordered students to vacate the institution following a recent protest over fees hike. The school management who made this known on Monday in a memo noted that all academics activities have been suspended for two weeks.

It will be recalled that students of Ekiti State University College of Medicine staged a peaceful protest on the 15th of September 2016, after a 200% increase in fees was announced. This was followed by a memorandum outlining some punitive measures taken by the institution.

All medical students of Ekiti State University were suspended indefinitely.

All suspended students must come with a letter of apology and be ready to sign an undertaking for good behaviour.

It also added that

Parent/Guardian of all medical students should be invited for a meeting with the University Management on a decided date.



The current happenings in our tertiary institutions has left much to be desired. Many schools are currently shutdown while students gets arrested, prosecuted and eventually rusticated; a concomitant of misunderstanding between management and students. In some extreme cases, there have been loss of lives. Schools in Nigeria that have recently tasted the bane of such face-off include Niger Delta University (NDU), University of Uyo (UNIUYO), Afe Babalola University Ado-Ekiti (ABUAD), University of Port-Harcourt (UNIPORT), University of Lagos (UNILAG), University of Ibadan (UI) and very recently Ekiti State University (EKSU) among others. There is none of these schools mentioned above which did not witness either the school being shut down, students got arrested, disciplinary action was taken against students and surcharge was imposed on students, or loss of lives and property in Nigeria due to students protest.

In some schools, protest were peaceful, while others were accompanied with un-wanton destruction of facilities. Some have accused the institutions of provoking the destruction, others accuse the students of taking out their frustration on such facilities. There are various ways in which students make their dissatisfaction with the system known, this include but not limited to boycott of lectures, various forms of confrontational acts, including the use of force which may lead to violence and destructions of properties. Others take to maximise the power of social media such as Twitter and Facebook.

However, it is painful to note that regardless of the alternative methods explored by students to air their grievances, the consequences are grievous. It would be recalled that recently a certain UNILAG student, Mr Olorunfemi Adeyeye was rusticated for adopting the most passive approach in venting his frustration with his school authority by publishing an article online.

The geometric rise of students’ unrest in our higher institutions of learning should be a source of concern to all well-meaning Nigerians. This has become a social malady that is fast nibbling on the amount of time we spend worrying about other issues making daily reportages. This is not in any way downplaying the 'why' of the protest as the student community remain the fulcrum of intellectual arm in our society. The protest is believed to be aimed at an ideal of social condition, that is why instead of devising ways to stop students protest by imposing punishment like rustication and expulsion of student from our tertiary institutions, we should be provoked to think of ways in which students can vent their frustration against the system more appropriately because criticism remains the major fuel that propel us to improve on a day to day basis.

All the tertiary institutions in Nigeria that have witnessed protests from its students that led to one consequence or the other was as a result of simple misunderstanding from management and students. Students of the schools raised genuine concerns about academic fraud, dilapidated school infrastructure, nefarious policies, indiscriminate increase in tuition fees, epileptic water and power supply, poor health facility to mention but a few before staging their protest. Some of such policies excludes the poor and underprivileged. Thus closing the doors of our institutions to those who want to study. In other words, access to education is commodified by the institutions.

It will not be out of place to state that the managers of our higher institutions by their actions have in most cases abuse the power and discretion of their offices. Thus, the need arise to have a critical look at the crisis management approach adopted by those managing our institutions and its effect on student movements and the society at large.

All over the world, protest is seen as the tool used by the oppressed and downtrodden to express their displeasure with certain issues in the system. The United Nations Human Rights Council recognises the right to protest as one of the fundamental rights of global citizens and therefore it is appalling that our Universities see protests as a threat rather than as a reminder to responsibility. It is worthy to note that none of our Universities have by their actions acknowledge the rights of student to peace protest. This oppressive and dictatorial approach is becoming a mainstay in our institutions. Thus, the baby is thrown away with the bath water and the root cause of the protest unattended to.

With all intent and purpose, the imposition of surcharge and rustication of students even when such protests are peaceful is aimed at intimidating students to forestall future occurrence. This is a very gross approach and unbefitting of the academia. The peace and conflict resolution professors can attest that engagement and effective communication remains the best solution in crisis management. Line managers including the head of departments and deans are in most cases culpable for their inaction before the grievances become full blown. In most cases, they are unavailable to listen to the students and hardly accessible.

In a 21st century with all the technological advancement, it is worrisome that our universities are not taking advantage in establishing easy, fast and effective communication links between students and the authorities.

What manner of graduates are we preparing for society? A student who has been punished by the University management for the simple act of protesting against perceived injustice will graduate into the society with the mentality that he will be punished harder if he attempts to call for accountability in public offices. Some commentators have argued that the stiff punitive measures against protest is school is necessary to serve as deterrence to others, it is instructive that we should be reminded about its resultant effect. Today, Nigeria is one of the most talent exporter in the world. There is no discipline you go to in any country that a Nigerian is not present. There is no gainsaying that this is another factor contributing to the bane of 'brain drain'.

It does not only cause brain drain but students incubate hatred for the society and takes it out on it by paying the system in its own coin if the opportunity arises. Such need may arise in holding leadership positions. Victimized students may see leadership as a means to an end. The idea of selfless service will be ablated from their inert consciousness. This will encourage corruption and society will eventually suffer for it.

Student activism shouldn't be a crime, it shouldn't be seen as a crime. Until this trend of taking grave actions against students is revised, people will still identify with the wrong notion in society that 'Every Loser is an Activist'.

Activism is not a crime. Activists are progressives. It is appalling that as a country we seem to abhor people with progressive minds. Our intellectuals should know better, that not everything can be achieved on the altar of coercion.

Now, to police brutality during these protest. I urge universities to create enabling environment. Environment in which students will be free from intimidation. The Nigerian Police Force should never be an option to quell protest in our Institutions of learning. If they should, they should be called in when there is need to. We must understand that the use of military in quelling unrest in our campuses fuels hatred and result to increased violence. Hence, we call for the demilitarization of our campuses.

It is sad that we have lost thousands of young people to 'trigger-happy' Police Officers in this country. When we talk of police brutality on campus, late Kingsley of UNIUYO, Peter Ofurum of UNIPORT among others readily comes to mind. These young promising Nigerians had their lives cut short by trigger-happy officers.

While there is need to encourage students to work in solidarity to put pressure on all sectors to contribute towards higher education, it is imperative that it is done in a non-violent manner. It is important to SAY NO TO VIOLENCE.

Management should bridge the gap between themselves and the students. There is need to engage and consult with students on issues they have raised. There is need for an open, transparent, consultative platform, free from harassment and intimation between management and students they serve. Until fundamental change occurs, the system cleared from all filthiness that hinders progress, we may never get it right. And we will keep churning out intellectually, morally and mentally weak graduates who lacks will to challenge the status quo in our society.

Aluzu Ebikebuna Augustine is a Human Rights Activist and can be reached on ebikebuna@gmail.com
 

LETTER TO MY FUTURE DAUGHTER PT. 2

BEING IN AN ABUSIVE RELATIONSHIP

Dear Future Daughter,

How is her health now, hope she is responding to treatment? Who could have done such a thing to a fellow human being. All in the name of being in a relationship. Indeed, this is man inhumanity to man. Those photos of her were gory as they were obscene. I lost my appetite for days after seeing them. The notion of abusive relationship contradicts love itself. How can love cause so much FEAR?

There are some problems that people bear for life, some sort of burden. Marrying an abusive man is one of them. You'll endure the marriage. Marriage is not suppose to be endured, it ought to be enjoyed. He flares up at every slight provocation, he has anger management issues. He suffers from aggressive behavior. Anger management is the ability to understand signs that you are getting angry. He needs to calm down and deal with the situation in a positive way. An abusive partner is not one who only engage in physical battery of the other, it also includes using abusive words on your partner. It includes damaging personal properties. He flares up sporadically. He shouts at you, threatens you, being excessively possessive of you. He puts you down by constantly comparing you unfavourably with others. He physically and sexually violates you. He isolates you from family and friends, mostly with unruly behavior. This can subject you to perpetual physical and emotional harm. You begin argy-bargying with yourself, You start to think that the abusive behaviour of your partner is your fault. You feel there is something you are not doing right, maybe, just maybe. It is a common feeling, but it is important to know that you're never to blame for another person's behaviour.

Today, he whips you with belt, tomorrow when you finally tie the nuptial knot with him, he may use a knife. A good relationship begins with a good choice of partner. So does a good marriage. If you don't feel someone is the right person for you, better not date that person. Marriage is a critical decision. Your marriage partner must not be a reckless choice. If you can't accept the man or woman in front of you, don't go into marriage. Deal with facts. You should always deal with facts in your relationship, not wishful thinking. Do not go into marriage with someone you will live with in fear. Do not go into marriage hoping he'll change, you are not a gambler, and even if you were, do not gamble in marriage. Especially when the peace you enjoy during courtship is deciduous. An abusive relationship is like a vehicle with flat tyres, it gets you no where. Except frequent visits to the hospital for regular stitches of course. Eventually, it will crash. You either give up on the marriage or you give up the ghost. Better to have a broken engagement than to have a broken marriage.

Click here to read LETTER TO MY FUTURE DAUGHTER PT. 1 (PARENTAL PREFERENCE)

Partner choice determines outcomes, flavours and progressions. Just think of the bonding of various chemicals. Some are toxic, some obnoxious, some volatile, some wonderful. If he’s not right for you or you’re not right for each other, the relationship has taken on issues before commencement. A bad partnership combination filled with hope is an anger fuelling bitter memory in the making. And that’s how the strange philosophy of “the reality of marriage” comes to being.

That philosophy propounds that the dream of happiness and romantic bliss in marriage is a fantasy of the unrealistic. That the “reality of marriage” is in actuality full of misery, difficulties, fights and unhappiness. Those who propound this theory are often those seeking accommodation with the consequences of wrong-headed choices. The “reality of marriage” philosophy comes from bad experience, frustrated dreams, difficult hope, sadness. We’ve come to accept this philosophy by default. It’s why some say it doesn’t matter who you marry, just marry! Such philosophy is obtuse. It does matter who you get married to. If your boyfriend is a serial cheat for example, you can’t complain of unfaithfulness in marriage if you go ahead with it (volentis non fit injuria). The signs were there, but you chose to ignore the facts. He already showed you he wasn’t going to be faithful. What usually happens is that some people take on the mantle of messiah, seeking to “save” their partners. And they seek to prove their goodness by insisting on pursuing marriage to someone who’ll bring them sorrow. These are insistent do-gooders who want the praise of the world for marrying the wrong man. There’s some psychological reward they get for insisting on going into marriage with someone with questionable tendencies. Having been rewarded for bad behavior, the man of course continues with those morals and they begin to suffer. Having forgiven so much, they then get annoyed at discovery of one more instance of cheating after marriage. They become frustrated, terribly frustrated. Their character changes. They’re angry. The reason they’re angry is because they feel they should be rewarded with fidelity for enduring so much. They feel the man should reward them for overlooking the past and ignoring the facts of infidelity during courtship. That kind of marriage is essentially over. The condition precedent needed to make it successful is out of the woman’s control. The marriage can only work if the man reforms, and the woman can’t control that factor. It’s up to the man.

When the success of a marriage is dependent on reformation of a partner’s character that’s a difficult one. Why marry a thief hoping for reformation of character? What if he refuses to reform? What becomes of the marriage?

Click here to read LETTER TO MY FUTURE DAUGHTER PT. 1 (PARENTAL PREFERENCE)

Being in an abusive relationship is not thesame as partners having quarrels once in a while in their relationship. But both know the quarrel has nothing to do with their commitment to each other. That commitment is non negotiable because they truly and genuinely love each other. That non negotiable commitment is a “fundamental irreducible.” Nothing can touch it. Their union is off limits, even to themselves. They know they’ll always get back together after a quarrel, because they want each other, need and can’t do without each other. Their relationship is not to be negotiated. That is a resolution. Unfortunately, it is not the same thing in this case. Your friend's partner has probably beaten that commitment out of her. She no longer have friends, people who can really understand what she is going through. Excceot of course, her psychiatrist, her pharmacist and her therapist. She needs someone she can really admit the reality of what she's going through to. But what is her family members doing about this? For a man who has not perfected the marriage rites yet to be treating her this way. Forgive me, this is not abuse but battery.

Your desperation for love, affection and partnership should not be an invitation to your selpucher. Even if he hides such tendencies from you during courtship, in marriage, it will always elicit. Your own safety must come first. Do not buy into this "for better for worse" mantra. Yes, how about the "to love and protect till death do us part" vows? You must stay safe, not for your sake only, but for your children as well. No religion should justify subjecting an individual to such obnoxious treatment. Of what good will it do your children if he beats you to death? Death by hanging for him will not recoup your life that has been lost. And those children you are considering now will become orphans eventually. No one will rescue you, you need to rescue yourself.

If you don't want to be a newspaper headline, run before he kills you.

Love,
Your Daddy,
Aluzu Ebikebuna Augustine.
07068639696 (SMS only)

Breaking: Court reinstates Hon. Aluzu and Hon. Ubokulo

Hon. Aluzu Ebikebuna Augustine and Hon. Ubokolo Victor remains members of the LAWSAN House of Assembly

Hon. Aluzu and Hon. Ubokulo

This is coming after the LAWSAN High Court gave it's judgement in the case filed before it by the honourable members who seeked justice in the judiciary.

The LAWSAN High Court, through His Lordship, Justice Nsinyene Charles today 15/6/2016 in the LAWSAN High Court, Holden at the Moot Court complex declared the action of the Speaker in declaring the seat of Hon. Aluzu Ebikebuna Augustine and Hon. Ubokolo Victor null and void and of no effect whatsoever. He maintained that the purported removal and declaration of the Speaker was unconstitutional and ordered that the Senators remain members of the LAWSAN House.

Reacting to the judgement, one of the counsel to the plaintiff, Uchewaji Aganin Esq who stood in for the lead counsel, Mr. Dignity Ekop SAL who was unavoidably absent from court hailed the judgement of the court describing it as a perfect remedy for the unlawful actions of the 1st and 2nd defendants.

Our correspondent who spoke on phone with the lead counsel reported that the most sought after Senior Advocate of Lawsan while reacting to the judgement quoted the words of Anatole France that "The law, in its majestic egalitarianism, forbids the rich as well as the poor to sleep under bridges, to beg in the streets, to steal bread, and to suffer injustice". He saluted the courage of the court for standing up to her sublime and pristine duty of protecting the right of Lawsanites.

PARTICULARS OF IMPEACHMENT

For the benefit of hindsight and for the purpose of clarity, we wish to state unequivocally, and bring to the notice of the general public, the particulars of impeachment against the LAWSAN President.

Notice of Impeachment

IMPEACHMENT NOTICE

Pursuant to powers granted the LAWSAN House of Assembly vide section 11 (1) (f) of the LAWSAN Constitution, we the undersigned members of the LAWSAN House of Assembly hereby tender this notice of impeachment to the President of LAWSAN pursuant to section (58)(2) of the LAWSAN Constitution.

PARTICULARS OF IMPEACHMENT

1. That the President has failed in his Constitutional duties to uphold and  protect the sanctity of the LAWSAN Constitution which he swore to uphold.

2. That the President has failed in his Constitutional duties to convene a Congress, since his inception for the purpose of presenting the Financial Report of LAWSAN as provided for in section 53(2) of the LAWSAN Constitution.

3. That the President, having failed to convene a Congress since last semester, as provided for in the LAWSAN Constitution also failed to constitute a "Revenue Allocation and Fiscal Committee" for the purpose of auditing the account of the association as provided for in section 57(8) (a) and (c) of the LAWSAN Constitution.

4. That the conduct of the President has not only prejudiced the provisions of section 57(8)(e) but has also thwarted the workability and functionality of section 57(8)(J) of this Constitution, contrary to section 1(1)(4) of the LAWSAN Constitution.

BREAKING NEWS: LAWSAN PRESIDENT SERVED IMPEACHMENT NOTICE

LAWSAN PRESIDENT SERVED IMPEACHMENT NOTICE

Iyene John

Latest reports reaching us at Revolutionary Youths has confirmed that the President, Law Students Association of Nigeria (LAWSAN), Faculty of Law, University of Uyo, Uyo. (Iyene John) has just been served an impeachment notice by the LAWSAN House of Assembly, today 14/6/2016.

The House resolved to impeach the underperforming President during it's sixth (6th) sitting of the academic session. Monday, 13/6/2016.

The motion for his impeachment was initiated by the House Leader Hon. Uwemedimo Dominic (Paapa Akpan) which was met with an overwhelming support from the 10 members who were present at the sitting.

All attempts to get in touch with the President proved abortive.

Would Iyene John be the first LAWSAN President to be impeached? Time will tell.

RE: Niger Delta University: Victim of the paradox of a political style – By Aluzu Ebikebuna A.

RE: Niger Delta University: Victim of the paradox of a political style – By ASUU NDU

"I would admonish NDU ASUU chapter to desist from venting out their self induced frustrations and vituperations on innocuous students and hide their tail inbetween their legs like the proverbial dog did when he was ashamed of his act."

I have read with shock and annoyance, that the ASUU chapter of Niger Delta University (herein referred to as NDU ASUU) chapter is blaming the schools union  government as a contributory factor in the lingering strike for their continued silence. An excerpt released by NDU ASUU chapter reads this:


"Over fifteen thousand people of the Niger Delta University have been sent to the embrace of idleness, hunger and starvation. The lecturers, the students and the non-academic workers form this population. What will this population be doing now at home? Most worrisome is the fact that the university’s student union government and the Niger Delta University Alumni Association are not also bothered about the closure of the university. In very civilized societies, student unions have a responsibility to play a role to broker peace between government and the striking workers for students to return to school. For as long as stake holders are not concerned about the welfare of Niger Delta University lecturers and workers, for as long as the question of calling off of the ANC action embarked upon by the workers of the university is not put on the priority list of Bayelsa people and government, students will remain at home even if the governor decides not to address the Niger Delta University problem for the rest of his stay in power. In whose interest have students of Niger Delta University been sent home painfully? With the way things are in Bayelsa State, the daily chanted and ritualized ideology of restoration is pungently hypocritical.

Click here to read full statement by NDU ASUU

In law, I have been taught particularly by a case that self induced frustration, does not ammount to frustration in law, and that a frustrated person cannot hide under the delusion of his frustration.


I am making this assertion in order to link the Niger Delta University (herein referred to as NDU) who is akin to a freed slave who has turned what could have been a blessing into venoms of hatred.


The accusations of the Student Government in NDU is not true, and must be discountenanced with by every right thinking individual. Such remains a mere attempt to colour the minds of its readers and nothing more.



For avoidance of doubt, NDU has no student government. What they have is Student Caretaker Committee when the institution in its tyrannical way disband the student union towards the end of the 2014/2015 academic session.



On resumption of the 2015/2016 academic session, it will interest you to know that students were forced to fill "Good Conduct Form" commanding good conduct from students and prescribing any form of protest within or outside the school by student reeling out stiff punishments on erring students ranging from expulsion to lighter punishments such as rustications for two semesters.



Not long ago, I called on the school to immediately set up a student union government in one of my many publications.


(Click here) to go to RE: The Legal Perspective of the MPC Rule and Role of Management in the Recent Students Uprising in Niger Delta University.



Now that NDU ASUU is in a face-off with Governor Seriake Dickson, they now understand what it means to have a vibrant student union.


They kept quiet, connived and watched the University silence the voice of students. Today, they are in need of student's voices to pressure the government. Nemo fit injuria, one who consent to or promotes the occurrence of the facts he relies on, should not complain.


The current face-off between the school management and the state government is a replica of the relationship between the school management and the student union before it disbandment. Again, this is evidence in the fisticuffs which ensued between the school and students of the Engineering department.


Where was the NDU ASUU when students union was banned?


Where was NDU ASUU when students were made to pay fifty thousand naira (50,000.00) as surcharge fee without recourse or due consultation with the student union in a state describe by economic experts as a civil service state and most parents were owed by the state government?



Where was NDU ASUU when graduates were arrested by the Seriake led administration during his first stint as Governor for carrying out a peaceful protest against unemployment rate in the state?



I would admonish NDU ASUU chapter to desist from venting out their self induced frustrations and vituperations on innocuous students and hide their tail inbetween their legs like the proverbial dog did when he was ashamed of his act.



You cannot get others to do an act which you cannot do!

Aluzu Ebikebuna Augustine

Aluzu Ebikebuna Augustine
Faculty of Law,
University of Uyo
07068639696 (SMS only)
Ebisko19@gmail.com

LAWSAN LAW REPORT (Suit no: LHC/CL/02/2016).

LAWSAN LAW REPORT (Suite no: LHC/CL/02/2016).

In the case of Hon. Aluzu Ebikebuna Augustine, (member LAWSAN House of Assembly representing Constituency III) v The Speaker House of Assembly, praying the Court to quash the unilateral decision of the House Committee of Ethics and Privileges declaring his seat vacant without recourse to the law and adherence to the doctrine of fair hearing.

The Court today, 13/5/2016 sat to hear the substantive suit. Hon. Aluzu, the plaintiff was represented by a Senior Advocate of LAWSAN, Rt. Hon. Dignity Ekop (SAL), who appeared with Aganin Uchewaji.

L-R, Aganin Uchewaji and Dignity Ekop (SAL)

In the address to the Court, and as contained in the Originating Summons served the defendants, two issues were put up for determination.

(1) Whether the purported declaration of the seat of the plaintiff vacant based on section 17(d) and section 21(1) of the LAWSAN Constitution, 2012. And it's purported report of the LAWSAN House Committee on Ethics and Privileges as contained in the notice dated 7th March 2016, signed by the Clerk of the LAWSAN House of Assembly has any force of law whatsoever.

(2) Whether the absence of fair hearing by the LAWSAN House Committee of Ethics and Privileges vitiates the probative value of the report of the committee.

The Plaintiff also sought two reliefs:

(1) A declaration that the notice of the purported declaration of the seat of the Plaintiff by the LAWSAN House of Assembly is illegal and unconstitutional and therefore null and void.

(2) A declaration that the Plaintiff remains a member of the you of Assembly.

Nsinyene Charles, J., after listening to the submission of Dignity Ekop (SAL) granted that:

The right to be heard is a fundamental right of every citizen,and since the defendants was not in court or his Lawyers, he extended time to avail the defendant the opportunity to enter his defence and appear in court at the next court sitting.

His Lordship, Justice Nsinyene Charles (Chief Judge LAWSAN High Court)

The ratio was also applied in the case of Nango Nango Douglas v Uwana Akpan, Ubokolo v The Speaker, LAWSAN House of Assembly.

The case was adjourned to the 18th of May 2016 for further hearing.

Present at the case were:
(1) A.G - Joseph Onanaro

(2) Uwemedimo Dominic alias Deity (The Leader, LAWSAN House of Assembly)

(3) Rt. Hon. Utibeima Ibanga (Senior Member, LAWSAN House of Assembly)

(4) S.A on Legislative matters (Abasido Usoro)

Dignity Tom and Abasido Usoro

(5) Chief of Staff to the President (Mr. Dignity Tom)

(6) S.A on mobilization (Emediong Essien)

(7) Ndianabasi Ekong  (ASG of LAWSAN)

(8) Hon. Ofiokobong Adede (Chairman, House Committee of Ethics and Privileges)

(9) Gideon Ebong (Class Governor, Constituency II)

And others.

Nigeria Best Law Firms and Lawyers

This will interest you.  Just as you plan on practicing, here is the top rankings of Nigeria Law Firms.

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Click here to see the full rankings

NYPF launch N.5bn Grant for Entrepreneurs and Scholarship for Students.

Press Release: NYPF launch N.5bn Grant for Entrepreneurs and Students.

As part of efforts to grow more indigenous entrepreneurs, encourage the culture of self-reliance and deepen the Nigeria economy, the Nigerian Young Professionals Forum (NYPF) in partnership with Heritage Bank and its development partners have launched a N500 million special seed fund
(YESGrant) for young Nigerians on Tuesday 22nd March 2016.

According to the Director of Communications Miss. Owomilere Obe, the scheme was borne out of the need to address the enormous challenges young
people go through in their quest towards achieving set goals in their small scale businesses and in their academic pursuits. She noted that the grant will enable young entrepreneurial postulants with creative ideas in Agriculture, ICT and creative industry start or expand their business
concepts and provide over 500 Nigerian students schooling locally or abroad with tuition to pursue their academic dreams and aspiration in the areas of research and technological/scientific innovation.

“The main objective of the NYPF (YESGrant) Programme is to deepen the Nigerian economy by deliberately encouraging and supporting aspiring entrepreneurs in Nigeria to develop and execute business ideas that will lead to massive job creation and also paying tuition for indigent students so that they can be relevant to the society by having relevant skills that employer’s needs. Jobs are a foundation of economic and social development, improving living standards, productivity and social cohesion.
Jobs are responsible for moving people out of poverty”. She said.

Owomilere, therefore encouraged all to apply through the grants online
application system that will be available at www.yesgrant.com and provide
all supporting documentation on or before June 2016 to be eligible for the
first year disbursement to award recipients in August 2016.

To qualify for YESGrant, prospective recipients must be between the ages
of 18- 40, be registered members of the Nigerian Young Professionals Forum
(NYPF), and be registered with the Corporate Affairs Commission (CAC)
using their registered companies and have an account with Heritage Bank
prior to disbursement of fund. Student’s award recipients must In addition
provide their matriculation number and academic progression report.

Speaking during the launch of the YESGrant Scheme by the Nigerian Young Professionals Forum in partnership with Heritage Bank, which took place at the Four Point Hotel in Lagos, Nigeria.

Chairman, NYPF, Moses Siloko Siasia, (erstwhile Governorship candidate Bayelsa state) said he was inspired by the big impact small businesses can have on the economy and that was why the grant was created to provide incubator support to enable young entrepreneurial postulants with creative ideas in Agriculture, ICT and creative economy start or expand their business concepts in those areas.

Moses Siloko Siasia

"I have built businesses from the scratch and I understand the challenges people face and that is why I am optimistic that if given the necessary support, young Nigerians will not only grow the Nigerian economy, they will completely revolutionize it."

The Nigerian Young Professionals Forum, a non-governmental organisation that has been in the forefront lead of building the next generation of business frontiers through intervention programmes for young Nigerians.

Moses Siloko Siasia (Middle) with The NYPF team

In 2015, over 1000 carefully selected entrepreneurs made up of young business
owners residing in Nigeria and in the Diaspora met at the International
Conference Centre in Abuja for the debut of the Young Nigerians CEO’s Conference and Exhibition 2015 organized by the NYPF. The conference with the theme, “Promoting Entrepreneurship and Innovation in Building Economic Leaders for Tomorrow” afforded young entrepreneurs in Nigeria the opportunity to exchange ideas with their peers from other parts of the world and also served as a platform for the young business owners to discuss challenges they encounter in their operations and its impact on the Nigerian economy.

Interested beneficiaries should visit www.yesgrant.com and register as a member of NYPF to access the grant.

'HOPE' A Message For The World

Umem David Emmanuel with Danish Woman floods the Internet with a Message of 'HOPE' for Children across the World.

Read below:

A woman from Denmark named Anja Ringgren Lovén has spent three years in Nigeria saving children from the worst cases of abuse. She is taking care of kids abandoned by their own very families for being witches.

Anja Bjorn Lovén with kids under her care

A section of kids under Anja's care with baby Hope in the middle

Anja took the social media in Nigeria by surprise with the most bizzare pictures you can imagine when she and her team rescued a baby in Akwa Ibom state in Nigeria by January 2016 who had been abandoned by his family to survive on his own for more than three (3) months.

The rescuing of the child HOPE

Anja Bjorn Lovén found baby Hope

Hope lying unconscious

Cheerful Hope

Transformed baby Hope

She renamed the Child 'Hope' and believed she will be able to affect lives through the story of this child. Hope is hale and healthy today as he has recovered fully and he is now under the care of Umem David Emmanuel and Anja Ringgren Lovén just like tens of other kide. It is indeed sickening and much has been left to be desired in Nigeria for the protection of Children in Nigeria, who suffer vagaries of abuses ranging from cultural, religious, and societal beliefs in Nigeria.

Umem David Emmanuel and Baby Hope

Umem David Emmanuel and Baby Hope

Mostly affected by these abuses in Nigeria is the girl child. As they are abducted in the North and forcefully married off and forced into the baby factory market in the South.

We are using this medium to call on the Government of Nigeria to do more to protect her Leaders of tomorrow.

Umem David Emmanuel jnr

Foster kids dining with little Hope below

L-R Umem David Jr, Anja Bjorn Lovén and Umem David Emmanuel

Umem David Emmanuel @Faculty of Law, University of Uyo

The Team

Indeed, the message of 'HOPE' has gone International.

With Rise Of Rape Cases, Should Abortion Be Made Legal in Nigeria?

Though abortions are illegal in Nigeria, according to the US-based Guttmacher Institute, statistics show that at least 1. 2 million induced abortions take place in various parts of Nigeria every year, with the highest number coming from the South-South part of the country, followed by the North-East and South-West. Furthermore, statistics show that 10,000 women die every year in Nigeria from unsafe abortions, carried out by untrained people in unsanitary conditions. This can be leveled down to 27 deaths a day. Abortions are legal, only when it is done to save the life of the woman and two physicians must certify that the pregnancy poses a threat to the life of the woman. More than 456,000 unsafe abortions are done in Nigeria every year; the US Guttmacher Institute estimates.

The law also frowns strictly on abortions and provides accordingly in the Criminal Code Act, Cap C38, Laws of the Federal Republic of Nigeria, 2004. Which states in Section 228 that; 

Any person who, with intent to procure miscarriage of a woman whether she is or is not with child, unlawfully administers to her or causes her to take any poison or other noxious thing, or uses any force of any kind, or uses any other means whatever, is guilty of a felony, and is liable to imprisonment for fourteen years.

 Even women are prevented from trying to get rid of their babies, as Section 229 further states that; 

229.    Any woman who, with intent to procure her own miscarriage, whether she is or is not with child, unlawfully administers to herself any poison or other noxious thing, or uses any force of any kind, or uses any other means whatever, or permits any such thing or means to be administered or used to her, is guilty of a felony, and is liable to imprisonment for seven years.

 Any person who decides to help another procure a miscarriage is also guilty of an offence as stated below in Section 230; 

230.  Any person who unlawfully supplies to or procures for any person anything whatever, knowing that it is intended to he unlawfully used to procure the miscarriage of a woman, whether she is or is not with child, is guilty of a felony, and is liable to imprisonment for three years.

 Such offenders however cannot be arrested without an arrest warrant duly executed by the relevant authorities. 

There are certain groups clamouring that provision should be made for people in peculiar situations other than a threat to life, such as where the woman was raped by an assailant. The question being asked is whether such women be forced to live with the results of the shameful act which they will always hurt to remember? This clashes with proponents of the school of thought that life is sacred and taking it should be resisted in all fronts, most especially via capital punishment. 

The debates will definitely continue, however, as the law stands today, in Nigeria, abortions are illegal, except on the condition of saving the life of the mother. 

What’s your opinion, should abortions be made legal?

Comment below:
- See more at: http://legalnaija.blogspot.com.ng/2016/03/are-abortions-legal-in-nigeria.html?m=0#sthash.oFiBmu2G.PF7PwRH7.dpuf

RIVERS RERUN: THE TESTIMONY OF THE NIGERIAN YOUTH

RIVERS RERUN: THE TESTIMONY OF THE NIGERIAN YOUTH - By Barr. Ugo Isiguzo

Barr. Ugo Isiguzo

"The heat that has made the Cock pursue the mother Hen will cook good food for its owner".

My brother and fellow thinker Idorenyin Umoh constrained me not to be silent over the Rivers rerun and blood bath that has resulted from it. I'm constrained to direct our public consciousness to some salient facts and truths which will be a departure from the seeming public accepted view of the issues affecting the Nigerian Youth. I don't care if some political slaves decide to give my view a political twist of APC or PDP and Buhari or Jonathan.

One of the greatest harm done to this generation of young people in Nigeria is the scrapping of HISTORY as a compulsory subject in our secondary schools. It has made them less concerned about where they are going to since they don't know that things have happened in the past. I say this with all sense of humility that any young Nigerian armed with Nigeria's history will be properly guided with the happenings taking place.

I will be brief in making two points which are central to the issue at hand. I'm one of those who will hardly blame the youths of Nigeria (described as silent majority by Idy Umoh) for their sheepish involvement in Nigerian political violence. My reason is simple. This country is plagued beyond the ten plagues of Egypt with a generation that has formed it's political class. We have a political generation of failed leaders born from the 1920's up to 1970's. They are the plague and bane of Nigeria's progress. A disgraceful generation who solidly believe in waste with no creative ideas on how to change the lot of its followers.

Fashola at a time boldly told striking and protesting students over the hike of school fees in LASU that if they think the school fees is to expensive, they should try ignorance. Investigations show that Fahola as a lawyer never went to school with such high school fees. Yet today, he thinks that good education is dependent of high school fees. A certain senior colleague gave her testimony of her encounter with looking for a state library in Ekiti state. After an arduous search, what she found as state library put up by the government was a shame to the eyes. Yet our generation of youths today is tagged a "poor reading generation". The education system put up before now was to reward hard work and thinking but today the brilliant ones are the best crammers and those ready to pay in kind or cash because there abound lazy teachers. Listening to the present Minister of Communication in the Senate during screening, i was dumb founded. This is a man who was a member of a political party as a University student and also as a new legal wig. He has seen one political party to another and held appointments courtesy of his membership. Today this same generation has made it a task before you can be a card carrying member of any political party. The minimal age to contest an ELECTION in Nigeria is 30 years. This is just a constitutional dream I doubt will ever come through. I will stop here in my examples. My point is simple, we are led by a generation that met a better Nigeria than the one they are giving to us today. What is the purpose?

That last question leads me to my second point. The purpose is to put us (the silent majority) under subjugation. From your school days as a young Nigerian, your self worth is diminished and you beg for your right. At the higher institutions it is worse. Professors who enjoyed a smooth and responsible school system find it hard, very hard to run it and make it better than they were in it. Instead they come up with outrageous educational policies targeted at lowering the self esteem of young students and call it REFORMS. Then you meet NYSC that worsens your psyche and you are made to believe things can't be done and achieved in orderliness and peace.

There is a generational conspiracy against this generation of youths. I mean youths who are not the children or relations of these wasteful leaders for the waste is for their children. This has nothing to do with their children as their fathers have stolen enough to sustain them to steal for their own children. These youths of no rich political background are left with the choice to struggle. They are left with the choice to get to the heights by any available means. Worst of all is when they have no education in a society like Nigeria. They won't die of hunger. No they won't. The society expects alot from them before they are 35 years old. They must meet up. They must do something. They must show loyalty because they have been caged and reduced to the level of fighting for their rights. So the idea of fighting and casualties is an embedded principle no wonder students say ALUTA CONTINUA, VICTORIA ASSERTA.

Unfortunately we seem not to understand or hate our situation. We seem too afraid to take the step of breaking the chain. Truth be told it is not easy to do so. Any means adopted to revolt against this unfortunate situation will be given a criminal or tribalistic tag after all who made the laws? But we must try. The first step is the sermon of re-orientation. We must begin to see ourselves as being better than they want us to be. We must start from there.

For when a man complains of an itching scrotum but scratches it with a smiling face, then you know he is doomed for importency.

LAWSAN President breaches LAWSAN Constitution, submits budget 16 days after the first sitting of the LAWSAN House of Assembly

LAWSAN President finally submits budget (26/2/2016) 16 days after inauguration of the house. Though in breach of the provision of Section 22(1)(c) of the LAWSAN Constitution which states that:

(1) THE PRESIDENT

c) The President shall present an Appropriation Bill of the Executive Council to the LAWSAN House of Assembly within 14 working days of the first sitting of the LAWSAN House of Assembly.

The LAWSAN House of Assembly on its fifth sitting (16 days after its first sitting) received the President's budget titled 'BUDGETARY PROPOSAL FOR THE 2015/2016 SESSION'

The budget which have:

Capital Expenditure             = N835,000.00

Recurrent Expenditure       = N4,555,000.00

Extra Budgetary Expenses = N35,000.00

GRAND TOTAL                      = N5,425,000.00

Below, is the breakdown of the budget;

SOURCES OF REVENUE:
This administration is determined to maximize its use of the students fund and at the same time source for funds from external sources.

Funds will be generated from the following sources:

(1) LAWSAN dues

(2) Donations

(3) Payment of practicing fees

(4) Any other source that may be approved by the LAWSAN House of Assembly

EXPENDITURE PATTERN:

(1) Recurrent expenditure

(2) Capital expenditure

I) CAPITAL EXPENDITURE

a) Rehabilitation of the LAWSAN toilet -  N120,000.00

b) Provision of Result Board - N30,000.00

c) Provision of LAWSAN Constitution (300 copies) - N200,000.00

d) Creating a LAWSAN website - N75,000.00

e) Rehabilitation of L.A.H, L.L.H., and Law Clinic - N150,000.00

f) Purchase of 4 wigs and 4 gowns - N120,000.00

g) Renovation of President's office - N100,000.00

h) Renovation of Moot Court and Offices - N40,000.00

RECURRENT EXPENDITURE

a) Fresher's Reception/Opening of Legal year - N200,000.00

b) Allowance to Arms of Government

I) Executive - N100,000.00

II) Legislature - N80,000.00

III) Judiciary - N60,000.00

c) Grants to Committees

I) Moot Court Committee - N30,000.00

II) Editorial Committee - N15,000.00

III) Sports Committee - N50,000.00

IV) Social Activities Committee - N20,000.00

d) LAWSAN DINNER - N4,000,000.00

EXTRA BUDGETARY EXPENSES

a) Stationary for LAWSAN - N20,000.00

b) Out of Pocket Expenses - N15,000.00

GRAND TOTAL - N5,425,000.00 (Five million, four hundred and twenty five thousand Naira)

Please, what are your thoughts on this budget, do you think the President can reposition LAWSAN on the path of the much talked about 'intellectual revolution'?

We at Revolutionary Youths think it is hypocrisy that the budget did not talk about the Faculty Library, so much for the 'Intellectual Revolution'

© Revolutionary Youths 2016

APLLY FOR NNPC/CHEVRON SCHOLARSHIP FOR 200LEVEL STUDENTS

2016/2017 NNPC/CHEVRON JV NATIONAL UNIVERSITY SCHOLARSHIP AWARDS

Chevron Nigeria Limited, in collaboration with its Joint Venture partner, the Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC), is offering a number of University Scholarship Awards to suitably qualified Nigerian students. E-applications are invited from full-time SECOND YEAR (200 LEVEL) degree students of the under-listed courses in Nigerian Universities: 1. Accountancy 2. Agricultural Engineering/Agricultural Science 3. Architecture 4. Business Administration/Economics 5. Chemical Engineering 6. Civil Engineering 7. Computer Science/Computer Engineering/System Engineering 8. Electrical/Electronic Engineering 9. Environmental Studies/Surveying 10. Geology/Geophysics 11. Law 12. Mass Communication/Journalism 13. Mechanical/Metallurgical & Materials Engineering 14. Human Medicine/Dentistry/Pharmacy 15. Petroleum Engineering Click Below to Apply www.scholastica.ng/schemes/cnlawards

INYENE JOHN; Tales of a revolution of impunity and the untold story of a power drunk dictator!

Sampson Ibifrank and Blessing Augustine becomes De-facto LAWSAN President and Vice President.

This is certainly not the best of times for LAWSAN. It appears the much talked about revolution is now a revolution of impunity as the man who just 25 days ago swore to defend and protect the LAWSAN Constitution is now colluding with his lieutenants to openly rape the same constitution. It was a show of shame yesterday 15/2/2016 during the meeting of the LAWSAN Bar Association. Our reporter gathered that not long after the meeting had kicked off, it was unanimously agreed that the meeting be rescheduled to allow for more time and notice to be given to interested counsels to pay their practicing fees and join the LAWSAN Bar. Just before the meeting was formally adjourned, two of the LAWSAN President's foot soldiers stormed the Law Assembly Hall in a commando styled show of aggression and disrupted the meeting. Our sources later gathered that the two men had not paid their practicing fees in line with section 55(5)(a) of the LAWSAN Constitution and therefore had no business with the said meeting of the Bar and were only acting a script. Again, trouble brewed on the evening of Monday 15/2/2016 about 16:00hours GMT around the vicinity of the Faculty of Law when Samson Ibifrank a 500 level Law student of Law who goes with the self styled title of the 'DG' and the sole 'GOdfather' of the current LAWSAN President, threw caution to the wind, even at the risk of portraying the noble profession of Law in disrepute, shouting to top heavens that "no one has the right to contribute any meaningful ideas or suggest to the President except him, especially if that person did not support the President during the electioneering period, and that those who did not vote for the President has no right to use the LAWSAN facilities." This threat played out today, Tuesday (16/2/2016) when in fulfilment of the requirement of the LAWSAN Constitution the Registrar of the LAWSAN Judiciary and secretary of the LAWSAN Judicial Council pasted a few notices emanating from the LAWSAN Judicial Council and a notice calling for counsels to pay their practicing fees in front of the Faculty. Our reporter learnt that the notices calling for qualified Lawsanites in year IV to submit application to the LAWSAN Judicial Council for onward recommendation to the LAWSAN President for appointment as Judges in line with section 41(2) of the LAWSAN Constitution did not go down well with the LAWSAN President. Few minutes thereafter, the LAWSAN President Mr. Inyene John with the assistance of one Sampson Frank and Blessing Augustine in year V openly vow to flush all Judges and Justices from the LAWSAN Judiciary and equally vowed not to take any recommendations from the LAWSAN Judicial Council in appointing judicial officers irrespective of what the LAWSAN Constitution provides. This is coming barely 2 weeks after one Mr. Ukeme Akpakpan, a member of the year 5 class was shamefully locked out of the LAWSAN Moot Court by another lieutenant of the LAWSAN President and was sternly warned that the LAWSAN Moot Court is out of bounce for him because he didn't vote for Inyene John. Sampson Ibifrank, together with Blessing Augustine swung into action. They tore the notice in the presence of other students and rant vituperations against the members of the LAWSAN Bar. It should be noted that Sampson is a common LAWSANite and as such, has no right to such action. Blessing Augustine, the former Vice President who was booted out of office by the then Dean College of Classreps Idongesit Etim (Asiwaju), and whose predicament led to the civil suit against the Dean College of Classreps (Idongesit Etim) for usurping her functions. It is now clear, that she in turn has usurped the functions of the current President (Sifon Bassey), while Sampson on the other hand is the De-facto LAWSAN President, relinquishing Iyene John to play second fiddler. Sadly, this tyrannical act is coming from a President who strolled to victory at the polls consequent of the actions of similar acttion of the then Dean College of Classreps. For a President who's ambition would have been dead and buried was he to be successfully shortchanged in congress on the day of ELECO formation but not for the courageous activism and spartan show of legal industry by a few Lawsanites who braved the odds to ensure justice, equity and transparency on that historic day. His new found love for impunity and lawlessness is terribly absurd and heartbreaking. Twenty five (25) days after swearing in, the LAWSAN President has attempted no single item of his campaign promises, even the 7 days emergency intervention programmes has become a farce. As more and more LAWSANites continue to grumble over the cluelessness of the LAWSAN government, there are emerging although unconfirmed stories that many key and renowned Lawsanites who supported Inyene John's candidacy are slowly abandoning him on daily basis due to his sudden attempt to return LAWSAN to the dark era.

As the government continues groping, more and more LAWSANites are increasingly afraid of the coming days... © Revolutionary Youths